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- <text id=89TT0480>
- <title>
- Feb. 20, 1989: The Struggle Of Kitty Dukakis
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Feb. 20, 1989 Betrayal:Marine Spy Scandal
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- BEHAVIOR, Page 79
- The Struggle of Kitty Dukakis
- </hdr><body>
- <p>Her bout with alcohol shows the dangers of cross addiction
- </p>
- <p> During the presidential campaign, Kitty Dukakis stumped
- tirelessly for her husband Michael. But since his loss at the
- polls in November, she has kept a low profile, particularly in
- her home state. She even failed to put in an appearance when
- her husband announced a month ago that he would not seek
- another term as Governor of Massachusetts. Last week Michael
- Dukakis revealed that his wife was suffering from more than
- postdefeat blues. He explained that Kitty had checked into a
- private clinic in Newport, R.I., for treatment of an alcohol
- problem that had surfaced suddenly after the election. Said the
- Governor: "A combination of physical exhaustion, the stress of
- the campaign effort and postelection letdown all combined to
- create a situation in which, on a limited number of occasions
- while at home, she has used alcohol in excessive quantities."
- </p>
- <p> The announcement shocked friends and reporters, who describe
- Kitty as a social drinker who enjoyed a glass of wine with
- dinner. But the news came as no surprise to drug-abuse experts.
- Kitty, 52, had confessed early in the campaign to a 26-year
- addiction to amphetamine diet pills, a reliance she had overcome
- in 1982. Increasingly, counselors recognize that dependence on
- one substance increases the risk of abusing others.
- </p>
- <p> This phenomenon is known as cross dependence, or cross
- addiction. Researchers estimate that between 40% and 75% of
- people in treatment programs are multiple-substance abusers.
- Sometimes people mix several drugs at once -- liquor and
- tranquilizers, for example, as in former First Lady Betty
- Ford's case. Others, like Kitty Dukakis, may slip from one
- chemical to another. Says counselor Fred Holmquist of the
- Hazelden Foundation in Center City, Minn., where Kitty was
- treated for amphetamine abuse: "It's like switching staterooms
- on the Titanic."
- </p>
- <p> Why addictive tendencies cluster in some people is still a
- mystery. Researchers know that some sufferers have an inherited
- physical susceptibility to alcoholism and perhaps to abuse of
- other substances as well. There may also be a psychological
- vulnerability. Experts dismiss the popular idea that there is a
- set of personality traits, say, low self-esteem and a streak of
- perfectionism, that puts people on the path to dependency.
- Explains Dr. Sheila Blume, director of a treatment program at
- South Oaks Hospital in Amityville, N.Y.: "There is no evidence
- of a single addictive personality type. You cannot go to a
- class of junior high kids and pick out who will become an
- addict." Nonetheless, addicts do have a common pattern of
- behavior. Observes Blume: "They have translated feelings of
- distress like `I'm bored' or `I'm lonely' or `I'm angry' into
- feelings of `I need a drink' or `a hit' or `a fix.'" Tina
- Tessina, a therapist in Long Beach, Calif., points out that
- people with dependencies try to "meet their emotional needs"
- with alcohol or drugs.
- </p>
- <p> Friends and observers agree that her husband's presidential
- defeat was an emotionally crushing blow to Kitty. An energetic
- and ambitious woman, she had thrived on the demanding schedule,
- tumult and attention of the campaign. Sandy Bakalar, a close
- friend, says, "Kitty was going 1,000 miles a minute. Then on
- Nov. 8 it was suddenly over. It was a terrible loss." Her
- husband, meanwhile, handled the loss in his usual stoic
- fashion. "Kitty had to do the mourning for both of them," says
- Richard Gaines, editor of the Boston Phoenix, who has long
- reported on the Dukakis family.
- </p>
- <p> Kitty tried to put together a new life, signing a $175,000
- book contract and registering with a speakers' bureau. She also
- traveled, taking a trip to an Arizona spa. And apparently she
- drank. Enough to alarm her family and, most important, herself.
- Doctors do not believe she has had the time to become heavily
- dependent on alcohol, but they say her earlier experience with
- amphetamines evidently set off warning bells. "She recognized
- that her recovery was a day-to-day thing, and she is an
- addictive person," says Paul Costello, her press secretary
- during the campaign. She has struggled mightily but
- unsuccessfully to stop smoking cigarettes, a habit she picked up
- as a teenager. On the hustings Kitty frequently talked about the
- dangers of drug abuse, using herself as an example.
- </p>
- <p> That keen self-awareness should stand her in good stead at
- Edgehill Newport, the 12 1/2-acre residential facility where she
- is expected to stay for about a month. Patients there are
- assigned to one of six 24-bed rehabilitation units. Treatment,
- which combines medical and psychological therapy with elements
- from Alcoholics Anonymous, includes intense group and peer
- counseling designed to break down addicts' denial of their
- problems. Sessions with family members are also offered.
- </p>
- <p> Cross-dependent people as a rule are more difficult to treat
- than single-substance abusers. Often they admit to having
- trouble with one chemical -- cocaine, for example -- but hide
- the fact that they are misusing sleeping pills or alcohol. Says
- Dr. Roger Meyer of the Alcohol Research Center at the
- University of Connecticut in Farmington: "It's hard to get them
- focused and to realize that they need to be talking about total
- abstinence from all mood-altering drugs." Kitty Dukakis has
- understood the message but must translate it into practice. Said
- her husband: "As she has now discovered, whether it comes in a
- bottle or is solid, if you're chemically dependent, you're
- chemically dependent."
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
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